Electric Power System

Power System

An electric power system is a network of electrical components used to supply, transfer and use electric power. An example of an electric power system is the network that supplies a region's homes and industry with power—for sizeable regions, this power system is known as the grid and can be broadly divided into the generators that supply the power, the transmission system that carries the power from the generating centres to the load centres and the distribution system that feeds the power to nearby homes and industries. Smaller power systems are also found in industry, hospitals, commercial buildings and homes. The majority of these systems rely upon three-phase AC power—the standard for large-scale power transmission and distribution across the modern world. Specialised power systems that do not always rely upon three-phase AC power are found in aircraft, electric rail systems, ocean liners and automobiles.

The Four Main Elements in Power Systems: 

 1-  Power Production / Generation 

 2- Power Transmission

 3- Power Distribution

 4- Power Consumption / Load

Of course, we also need monitoring and control systems.

1-    Power Production:  

Different Types:

A-   Traditional

B-    Renewable

2-    Power Transmission:

A-       High Voltage (HV) Transmission Lines

B-       Several Hundred Miles

Switching Stations

  Transformers

  Circuit Breakers

3-    Power Distribution:  

A-     Medium Voltage (MV) Transmission Lines (< 50 kV)

B-       Power Deliver to Load Locations

C-      Interface with Consumers / Metering

D-      Distribution Sub‐stations

a)      Step‐Down Transformers

b)      Distribution Transformers

4-     Power Consumption:

A-      Industrial

B-      Commercial

C-      Residential

D-     Demand Response

a)      Controllable Load

b)    Non‐Controllable